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FortiManager (Series) - (Bookmark) Persistent Vulnerability
- To: bugtraq@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx, bugs@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
- Subject: FortiManager (Series) - (Bookmark) Persistent Vulnerability
- From: Vulnerability Lab <research@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
- Date: Thu, 4 Aug 2016 09:59:06 +0200
Document Title:
===============
FortiManager (Series) - (Bookmark) Persistent Vulnerability
References (Source):
====================
http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/get_content.php?id=1685
Fortinet PSIRT ID: 1624461
Release Notes 1:
http://docs.fortinet.com/uploaded/files/2499/fortios-5.0.12-release-notes.pdf
Release Notes 2:
http://docs.fortinet.com/uploaded/files/2861/fortios-v5.2.6-release-notes.pdf
Release Notes 3:
http://docs.fortinet.com/uploaded/files/3075/fortios-v5.4.1-release-notes.pdf
Release Date:
=============
2016-08-04
Vulnerability Laboratory ID (VL-ID):
====================================
1685
Common Vulnerability Scoring System:
====================================
3.8
Product & Service Introduction:
===============================
FortiManager appliances allow you to centrally manage any number of Fortinet
devices, from several to thousands, including FortiGate®, FortiWiFi™,
FortiCarrier™, FortiMail™ and FortiAnalyzer™ appliances and virtual appliances,
as well as FortiClient™ endpoint security agents. You can further
simplify control and management of large deployments by grouping devices and
agents into administrative domains (ADOMs).
The FortiManager family of management appliances provides centralized
policy-based provisioning, device configuration, and update management for
FortiGate, FortiWiFi, and FortiMail appliances, and FortiClient end-point
security agents, plus end-to-end network monitoring and device control.
FortiManager delivers a lower TCO for Fortinet implementations by minimizing
both initial deployment costs and ongoing operating expenses. Control
administrative access and simplify policy deployment using role-based
administration to define user privileges for specific management domains and
functions, and aggregating collections of Fortinet appliances and agents into
independent management domains. In addition, by locally hosting security
content updates for managed devices and agents, FortiManager appliances
minimize Web filtering rating request response time and maximize network
protection.
(Copy of the Vendor Homepage:
http://www.avfirewalls.com/FortiManager-Series.asp )
Abstract Advisory Information:
==============================
The Vulnerability Laboratory Core Research Team discovered a persistent web
validation vulnerability in the official Fotinet FortiManager appliance product
series.
The issue affects the web-application of the appliance series and is present in
the following fortimanager models - 200D, 300D, 1000D,
3900E, 4000E, Virtual Appliances Version and FortiMoM-VM. The Fortimanager
legacy models 100, 100C, 400A, 400B, 400C, 1000C, 3000C and 4000D are
affected as well by the vulnerability.
Persistent Web
Vulnerability Disclosure Timeline:
==================================
2016-01-25: Researcher Notification & Coordination (Benjamin Kunz Mejri -
Evolution Security GmbH)
2016-01-26: Vendor Notification (FortiGuard Security Team)
2016-02-15: Vendor Response/Feedback (FortiGuard Security Team)
2016-04-08: Vendor Fix/Patch (Fortinet Developer Team)
2016-05-22: Vendor Fix/Patch (Fortinet Developer Team)
2016-07-13: Security Bulletin (FortiGuard Security Team) [Acknowledgements]
2016-08-04: Public Disclosure (Vulnerability Laboratory)
Discovery Status:
=================
Published
Affected Product(s):
====================
Fortinet
Product: FortiManager - Appliance (Web-Application) 200D, 300D, 1000D, 3900E,
4000E, Virtual Appliances Versio
Fortinet
Product: FortiManager - Appliance (Web-Application) Legacy - 100, 100C, 400A,
400B, 400C, 1000C, 3000C & 4000
Exploitation Technique:
=======================
Remote
Severity Level:
===============
Medium
Technical Details & Description:
================================
A persistent and non-persistent input validation web vulnerability has been
discovered in the official Fotinet FortiManager appliance product series.
The vulnerability allows privileged guest user accounts and restricted user
accounts to inject own malicious script codes on the application-side or
client-side of the fortimanager appliance web-application series.
The vulnerability is located in the `name and description` input fields of the
vulnerable `Policy & Objects - Security Profiles - SSL VPN Portal` module.
The request method to inject is POST to GET and the attack vector is located on
the application-side of the appliance web-application. Remote attackers
are able to inject own malicious script codes to the name and description input
fields. After processing to add, the code bypasses the regular web filter
of the appliance web-application and executes finally in the pre-defined
bookmarks listing module above with the basic input. The vulnerability can be
exploited by guest appliance user accounts with restricted access. The
vulnerability first executes with client-side attack vector and becomes
persistent
with the save procedure by return.
The security risk of the application-side and client-side web vulnerability is
estimated as medium with a cvss (common vulnerability scoring system) count of
3.8.
Exploitation of the application-side web vulnerability requires a low
privileged guest web-application user account and low user interaction.
Successful exploitation
of the vulnerability results in persistent phishing, session hijacking,
persistent external redirect to malicious sources and application-side
manipulation of affected
or connected web module context.
Request Method(s):
[+] POST
Vulnerable Module(s):
[+] Policy & Objects - Security
Profiles - SSL VPN Portal
Vulnerable Parameter(s):
[+] name
[+] description
Affected Module(s):
[+] Predefined Bookmarks - [Create]
Listing
Affected Serie(s): FortiManager
[+] FortiManager 200D
[+] FortiManager 300D
[+] FortiManager 1000D
[+] FortiManager 3900E
[+] FortiManager-4000E
[+] FortiManager Virtual Appliances
[+] FortiMoM-VM
FortiManager Legacy Models
[+] FortiManager 100
[+] FortiManager 100C
[+] FortiManager 400A
[+] FortiManager 400B
[+] FortiManager 400C
[+] FortiManager 1000C
[+] FortiManager 3000C
[+] FortiManager 4000D
Proof of Concept (PoC):
=======================
The persistent input validation web vulnerability can be exploited by low
privileged guest web-application user accounts with low user interaction.
For security demonstration or to reproduce the vulnerability follow the
provided information and steps below to continue.
Manual steps to reproduce the vulnerability as guest user with restricted
access privileges ...
1. Login to the fortimanager appliance web-application as guest user
2. Open the following section that is not restricted to guests mainly
(http://fortimanager.localhost:8000/cgi-bin/module//sharedobjmanager/vpn/SOMVpnSSLPortalDialog)
3. Click Security Profiles > SSL VPN Portal
4. Now click the pre-defined Bookmarks button ahead to the listing
5. Add your test payload to verify the issue in the Name and Description input
field
6. Save the entry
7. The code executes in the Pre-Defined Bookmarks listing context in two
locations
8. Save the entry by return again
9. Now you reopen the post to edit the pre-defined bookmarks
10. A second execution of the payload occurs in the edit form next to the
category entry
11. Successful reproduce of the persistent vulnerability!
PoC: Source #1 - Policy & Objects > Security Profiles > SSL VPN Portal >
Predefined Bookmarks > [Create] Listing
<tbody><tr
class="heading"><th>Name</th><th>Type</th><th>Location</th><th>Description</th><th></th></tr>
<tr class="bk-cate"><td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"
colspan="5" class="bk-cate-expand">Bookmarks</td></tr>
<tr class="bk-cate"><td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"
colspan="5" class="bk-cate-expand">">
<"<[PERSISTENT SCRIPT CODE EXECUTION!]"</td></tr><tr bkname=""[PERSISTENT
SCRIPT CODE EXECUTION!]" bkcate=""><"[PERSISTENT SCRIPT CODE EXECUTION!]">
<td>"><"<[PERSISTENT SCRIPT CODE
EXECUTION!]>"</td><td>SSH</td><td>benjamin-km</td><td>[PERSISTENT SCRIPT CODE
EXECUTION!]</td><td>
<nobr><img src="/resource/images/edit.gif" onclick="edit_bookmark(this);"> <img
src="/resource/images/delete.gif" onclick="del_bookmark(this);">
</nobr></td></tr></tbody>
PoC: Source #2 - Edit Form (Category)
<div id="bAutoComplete" style="z-index:9001;"><input id="bkcate" name="bkcate"
value=""><"<[PERSISTENT SCRIPT CODE EXECUTION!] sr"="" maxlength="35"
style="position:static;background: url(/resource/images/tabOption.gif) center
right no-repeat #FFF;"><div id='bContainer'></div></div></td></tr><tr>
<td style='padding:3px;'>Name</td><td><input id='bkname' name='bkname'
value=""><"<[PERSISTENT SCRIPT CODE EXECUTION!]" maxlength=35 ></td></tr><tr>
<td style='padding:3px;'>Type</td><td><select id='bktype' name='bktype'><option
value=9 >CITRIX</option><option value=4 >FTP</option><option value=1 >
HTTP/HTTPS</option><option value=11 >Port Forward</option><option value=8
>RDP</option><option value=10 >RDP NATIVE</option><option value=6 >SMB/CIFS
</option><option value=3 selected>SSH</option><option value=2
>Telnet</option><option value=7 >VNC</option></select></td></tr><tr><td
style='padding:3px;'>
Location</td><td><input id='bkloc' name='bkloc' value="benjamin-km"
maxlength=128></td></tr><tr id='tr_rport'><td style='padding:3px;'>Remote
Port</td><td>
<input id='bkrport' name='bkrport' value="0" maxlength=5></td></tr><tr
id='tr_lport'><td style='padding:3px;'>Listening Port</td><td>
<input id='bklport' name='bklport' value="0" maxlength=5></td></tr><tr
id='tr_sw'><td style='padding:3px;'>Screen Width</td><td><input id='bksw'
name='bksw' value="1024" maxlength=4></td></tr><tr id='tr_sh'><td
style='padding:3px;'>Screen Height</td><td><input id='bksh' name='bksh'
value="768"
maxlength=4></td></tr><tr id='tr_usr'><td style='padding:3px;'>Logon
User</td><td><input id='bkusr' name='bkusr' value="" maxlength=35></td></tr>
<tr id='tr_pswd'><td style='padding:3px;'>Password</td><td><input id='bkpswd'
name='bkpswd' type='password' value=""><input id='bkpswdflag' name='bkpswdflag'
type='hidden' value=0></td></tr><tr id='tr_kbd'><td
style='padding:3px;'>Keyboard Layout</td><td><select id='bkkbd'
name='bkkbd'><option value=0 >Arabic</option>
<option value=1 >Danish</option><option value=2 >German</option><option value=3
>German, Switzerland</option><option value=4 >English, Great Britain</option>
<option value=5 >English, United Kingdom</option><option value=6
selected>English, US</option><option value=7 >Spanish</option><option value=8
>Finnish</option>
<option value=9 >French</option><option value=10 >French,
Belgium</option><option value=11 >French, Canada</option><option value=12
>French, Switzerland</option>
<option value=13 >Croatian</option><option value=14 >Hungarian</option><option
value=15 >Italian</option><option value=16 >Japanese</option><option value=17 >
Lithuanian</option><option value=18 >Latvian</option><option value=19
>Macedonian</option><option value=20 >Norwegian</option><option value=21
>Polish</option>
<option value=22 >Portuguese</option><option value=23 >Portuguese,
Brazil</option><option value=24 >Russian</option><option value=25
>Slovenian</option>
<option value=26 >Swedish</option><option value=27 >Turkmen</option><option
value=28 >Turkish</option><option value=29 >French, Canadian
Multilingual</option>
<option value=30 >Windows Generic Keyboard</option></select></td></tr><tr><td
style='padding:3px;'>Description</td><td><input id='bkdesc' name='bkdesc'
value="">
<"<[PERSISTENT SCRIPT CODE EXECUTION!]>" maxlength=128></td></tr><tr
id='tr_fsm'><td style='padding:3px;'>Full Screen Mode</td><td><input id='bkfsm'
name='bkfsm' type='checkbox' value=1 checked></td></tr><tr id='tr_disp'><td
style='padding:3px;'>Display Status</td><td><input id='bkdisp' name='bkdisp'
type='checkbox' value=1 checked></td></tr><tr id='tr_sso'><td
style='padding:3px;'>SSO</td><td><select id='bksso' name='bksso'><option
value=0 selected>Disabled</option>
<option value=1 >Static</option><option value=2
>AUTO</option></select></td></tr><tr id='tr_value_form'><td
style='padding:3px;' colspan='2'><table id='bookmark-form-data'
style='width:100%;'><thead style='font-weight:bold;'><tr><th
style='width:144px;'>Field Name</th><th><span
style='width:144px;display:inline-block;'>Value</span><input
id='add_fv_row' type='button' value='Add'
style='width:70px;'></th></tr></thead><tbody
id='fv_tbody'></tbody></table></tr></table></form></iframe></div>
--- PoC Session Logs [GET] (Execution) ---
Status: 200[OK]
GET
http://fortimanager.localhost:8000/cgi-bin/module//sharedobjmanager/vpn/x[PERSISTENT
SCRIPT CODE EXECUTION!]
Mime Type[text/html]
Request Header:
Host[fortimanager.localhost:8000]
User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:43.0) Gecko/20100101
Firefox/43.0]
Accept[image/png,image/*;q=0.8,*/*;q=0.5]
Accept-Language[de,en-US;q=0.7,en;q=0.3]
Referer[http://fortimanager.localhost:8000/cgi-bin/module//sharedobjmanager/vpn/SOMVpnSSLPortalDialog?devGrpId=18446744073709551615&deviceId=18446744073709551615&vdom=
root&adomId=3&vdomID=0&adomType=gms&cate=1054&prodId=0&key=web-access&roid=394]
Cookie[remoteauth=1; forRevert=0; vmConfirm=1; tabPosition=; showSlave=1;
add_dev_later=; auth_state=;
CURRENT_SESSION=9X3lvcNst3VYkYtkLWMkgMagWkS+Qmdk38eDLl1jE+ZNJ7Dw
/9EQlVtauZ98+4+nN5aOe5ixbZGoE/sIrlNbRQ==; MCP_VIEW_MODE=sectview;
csrftoken=ea5a7a467e8cabdfe640cd475183d2a5]
Connection[keep-alive]
Response Header:
Date[Tue, 26 Jan 2016 12:48:10 GMT]
Server[Apache]
X-Frame-Options[SAMEORIGIN]
Vary[Accept-Encoding]
Content-Encoding[gzip]
x-ua-compatible[IE=Edge]
Content-Length[457]
Content-Type[text/html]
-
Status: 200[OK]GET
http://fortimanager.localhost:8000/cgi-bin/module//sharedobjmanager/vpn/a[PERSISTENT
SCRIPT CODE EXECUTION!]
Mime Type[text/html]
Request Header:
Host[fortimanager.localhost:8000]
User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:43.0) Gecko/20100101
Firefox/43.0]
Accept[text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8]
Accept-Language[de,en-US;q=0.7,en;q=0.3]
Referer[http://fortimanager.localhost:8000/cgi-bin/module//sharedobjmanager/vpn/SOMVpnSSLPortalDialog?devGrpId=18446744073709551615&deviceId=18446744073709551615&;
vdom=root&adomId=3&vdomID=0&adomType=gms&cate=1054&prodId=0&key=web-access&roid=394]
Cookie[remoteauth=1; forRevert=0; vmConfirm=1; tabPosition=; showSlave=1;
add_dev_later=; auth_state=;
CURRENT_SESSION=9X3lvcNst3VYkYtkLWMkgMagWkS+Qmdk38eDLl1jE+
ZNJ7Dw/9EQlVtauZ98+4+nN5aOe5ixbZGoE/sIrlNbRQ==; MCP_VIEW_MODE=sectview;
csrftoken=ea5a7a467e8cabdfe640cd475183d2a5]
Connection[keep-alive]
Response Header:
Date[Tue, 26 Jan 2016 12:48:10 GMT]
Server[Apache]
X-Frame-Options[SAMEORIGIN]
Vary[Accept-Encoding]
Content-Encoding[gzip]
x-ua-compatible[IE=Edge]
Content-Type[text/html]
Reference(s):
http://fortimanager.localhost:8000/
http://fortimanager.localhost:8000/cgi-bin/
http://fortimanager.localhost:8000/cgi-bin/module/
http://fortimanager.localhost:8000/cgi-bin/module//sharedobjmanager/
http://fortimanager.localhost:8000/cgi-bin/module//sharedobjmanager/vpn/
http://fortimanager.localhost:8000/cgi-bin/module//sharedobjmanager/vpn/SOMVpnSSLPortalDialog
Solution - Fix & Patch:
=======================
Updates are available for customers in the fortinet customer area or via
automated appliance update.
5.2.6
5.4.1
5.0.12 (FMG)
5.0.13 (FAZ)
Security Risk:
==============
The security risk of the persistent input validation web vulnerability in the
fortimanager web-application is estimated as medium. (CVSS 3.8)
Credits & Authors:
==================
Vulnerability Laboratory [Research Team] - Benjamin Kunz Mejri
(research@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx) [www.vulnerability-lab.com]
Disclaimer & Information:
=========================
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